Interpretation and Translation in the Legal Field I
Thursday 3:30 - 5:30

  • William Hewitt, National Center for State Courts, Virginia

Court interpretation test: What we have learned and where we are going

The design and conduct of court interpreter proficiency testing forcertification purposes (de facto professional licensure) began in the United States with the Federal Court Interpreter Certification Examinationin 1979/80. The state of California began a certification testing program about the same time. Since then California's program has undergone several changes and New Jersey and Washington have establised well-documented and respected testing programs. Most recently, beginning in 1995, the National Center for Stat Courts has coordinated a cooperative interstate effort to expand and standardize interpreter certification testing in states acrossthe U.S. That effort has led to the introducton of performance-based proficiency testing programs in nine more states that previously had no such programs: Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Maryland, Minnesota, Oregon, New Mexico, Utah, and Virginia.

This presentation will summarize the test development procedures and key structure elements of the several testing programs, highlighting basic theoretical and functional differences among them. Issues in debate among experienced test developers and administrators will be highlighted. As experience has matured, it now seems reasonable to question some of the foundation assumptions that have a bearing on test administration costs when conventional models for testing procedures are followed. Some promising lower-cost alternatives to conventional testing procedures will be described, together with a prospectus for needed research.of the several testing program.

  • Robert Joe Lee, Administrative Office of the Courts, New Jersey 

Models for delivering court interpreting services

[Abstract not available]

  • Chris Howard, Administrative Office of the Courts, Maryland

Computer assisted language testing for court interpreters

Advancements in computerbased technology provided the impetus for the Administrative Office of the Court's redesign of the State Court Language Interpreter Certification Examination.

The Certification Examination is an oral proficiency examination, designed to assess an examinee's language knowledge, fluency, and accuracy in three modes of interpreting: simultaneous, sight, and consecutive. Traditionally, test administration has involved interaction with two trained testers/raters who grade performance as the examinee is taking the exam. This labor intensive, individualized, and costly approach to testing becomes problematic because of the large volume of interpreters pursuing language proficiency certification.

In response to increased certification demands, the Administrative Officeof the Courts pioneered the integration of language proficiency testing using CDROM technology. In support of this initiative, the State Justice Institute provided funding through a technical assistance grant. The developmental stages of the CDROM testing model included production of astandard BetaCam video of stimulus materials; digitizing the video into readable computer information; and, developing the interactive CDROM software.

A pilot validation study was structured to address a number of questions related to the content validity of the proposed CDROM testing application.A review of the literature, while generally supportive of this testing application, suggests that the content validity of the test is dependent upon standardization of stimulus materials, quality of the recorded testing stimuli, and the reduction of candidate anxiety.

Research data was compiled over the course of several months to develop qualitative and quantitative information. Initial study results providestrong support for the continued exploration and development of alternative test delivery systems. This paper will present and analyze theresults of the CDROM pilot validation study. Evidence will be presentedin the form of empirical data, reports of theoretical development and conceptualization of the new procedure, reports of tester and examine reactions to the new test and a discussion of implications for further research and development of CDROM based testing applications. 

  • Lois M. Feuerle, Office of Court Administration, New York City, and 
    Joanne I. Moore, Washington State Supreme Court

Equal access to justice: how much accuracy is enough?

It is not disputed that due process and equal protection require that linguistic minorities have full and free access to the courts in the USA; however, providing this access is a challenge for a variety of different reasons. Using short video clips to stimulate discussion, the two presenters, both of whom come from the dual backgrounds of law and court interpreting and both of whom head court interpreting units on the state court level - explore the need for accuracy in the legal context and what actually constitutes accuracy for the purposes of equal access to justice for non-English-speaking litigants. Who is qualified to make this decision and based on what criteria? The presenters will examine these and related court interpreting issues and outline what progress has been made in thefield and what still remains to be done.